Ioa becomes a viable tool for lca practitioners when it includes information on average resource use and environmental emissions from each. Comparing embodied greenhouse gas emissions of modern. In this research paper the negative effect of mobile phone from start of life cycle to end of life cycle is critically analyzed. A case study of repurposing was conducted by creating a smartphone app that replicates the functionality of an incar parking meter. Cell phone recycling materiality assessment topics. The epa recognizes 6 six major components in the life cycle of a cell phone. The antenna site checks the phones mechanical serial number msn and electronic serial number esn to make sure the mobile unit is allowed to use the network.
A study on the product life cycle of samsung smartphones. The international journal of life cycle assessment 2019, 24 11, 19621975. The content herein is a representation of the most standard description of servicessupport available from disa, and is subject to change as defined in the terms and conditions. The life cycle energy consumption and greenhouse gas. The life cycle of a cell begins with the formation of daughter cells at the end of telophase. More specifically, the evaluation places a high value on studies where detailed processspecific data are presented. This paper investigates the environmental impact of smartphone repurposing as compared to. Life cycle assessment lca of mobile phones we have to start by saying that life cycle describes and analyses all the actions and materials that happen during the production, use, and recycling the cell phones that we use every single day wherever we are. Using a processsum life cycle assessment lca approach, we estimate and compare the embodied ghg emissions of.
During the life cycle impact assessment, the importance of possible environmental impacts based of the life cycle flow results are evaluated. Lca is a technique that aims to identify and address the potential environmental impacts of a product throughout its life cycle. Life cycle inventory of portland cement concrete marceau, nisbet and van geem horvath, a. Like any product, making a cell phone and its parts uses natural resources and energy, which can potentially impact the air, land, and water. Apr 27, 2020 the coronavirus 20192020 pandemic covid19 poses unprecedented challenges for governments and societies around the world 1. Mobile phone data for informing public health actions.
Although its use is mainly associated with the estimation of the environmental impact of products, some studies have also used a lca for cities. Life cycle of a phone case by sneha kesaraju on prezi. Also included in the life cycle analysis is what happens to the cell phone after the user is finished with it. Waste management for endoflife eol smartphones is a growing problem due to their high turnover rate and concentration of toxic chemicals. For instance, in the case of a manufactured product, environmental impacts are assessed from raw material extraction and processing cradle. A full life cycle assessment covers several impact categories such as potential for global warming, acidification and toxicity, using a cradletograve perspective including everything from acquisition of raw material, production, assembly, distribution, transports, use and endoflife treatment. Glass most glass is a mixture of a large amount of silica that comes from fine white sand or pulverized sandstone, combined with smaller amounts of an alkali like soda sodium bicarbonate or potash to lower its melting point, and lime from limestone to help stabilize the. Manufacturing plastics and fiberglass are used to make the basic shape of the circuit board, which is. It does not include the use phase of the batteries. Life cycle assessment lca of a smartphone including its network usage. For instance, in the case of a manufactured product, environmental impacts are assessed from raw material.
Life cycle assessment data for computer products, mobile phones and mixed. Click the image to the right to view a larger size or download a pdf of the infographic below. In use phone case the phone case would need to be disposed of, because it is made out of hard plastic. The product life cycle theory and product line management. Understanding the product life cycle of a smartphone. Since then, lca has been used to design environmental policies as well as a very reliable form of environmental decision support tool. This is not intended to represent the current reality. Also included in the life cycle analysis is what happens to the cell phone after the. Insights into the basic regulators of cellcycle progression in c.
Information and communications technology ict contributes substantially to global greenhouse gas ghg pollutant emissions, but it is timeconsuming to estimate the environmental impacts caused by the production of ict devices, and the literature lacks coverage for newer products. The life cycle describes all of the materials and actions that occur to produce and use a cell phone. Mar 05, 2018 life cycle thinking, as defined by the united nations life cycle initiative, is a way of thinking that includes the economic, environmental, and social consequences of a product or process over. The cell cycle is the sequence of events or changes that occur between the formation of cell and its division into daughter cells. Lithiumion batteries hazard and use assessment final report. The product life cycle of a smartphone is not just about physical attributes. The incoming call blocking may be a very useful piece on some occasions, the app can allow you block specific numbers preventing them from reaching out to a monitored device. Life cycle of the cell and gametogenesis using this book. This paper concludes that the cellphones contain hazardous material, harmful to environment according to epa. By comparing the impacts of each individual part, charger. Cycle aging is the life lost each time the battery cycles between. The life cycle of a cell phone is examined here figure 1.
The life cycle of materials in mobile phones page 2 how new phone technology affects the environment in just 30 years, mobile telephony has grown into a major global industry, with an estimated 5 billion users around the world compared with a total world population of just under 7 billion people. The weight of the typical cell phone dropped from 10. Apple iphone life cycle analysis by bronwyn shinnick on. You may use pages from this site for informational, noncommercial purposes only. Life cycle assessment of hydrogen production via natural gas. The coronavirus 20192020 pandemic covid19 poses unprecedented challenges for governments and societies around the world 1. The good thing about the phone case is that it can last for a really long time. Life cycle assessment lca is a very popular analysis for reporting potential environmental loads and resources consumed in each step of a product or service supply chain. The case of mobile phones article pdf available in ieee transactions on engineering management 512. Pdf the product life cycle theory and product line.
Administration commissioned study on the life cycle energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions from lithiumion batteries. A tool to estimate materials and manufacturing energy for a. Mar 04, 20 information and communications technology ict contributes substantially to global greenhouse gas ghg pollutant emissions, but it is timeconsuming to estimate the environmental impacts caused by the production of ict devices, and the literature lacks coverage for newer products. The continuous demand for cellular phones throughout the years, along with the. The first step in the study, described in the first paper written by the same authors 3, was to study the effect of mobile phones radiations on the life cycle of honey bees. A guide to life cycle thinking disruptive design medium. Jan 29, 2018 mobile phones look to have the classic product life cycle of introduction, growth and maturity. Pd in cell phone steel average per kg material processed 0. Life cycle assessment data for computer products, mobile. You may need a pdf reader to view some of the files on this page. Modeling of lithiumion battery degradation for cell life assessment article pdf available. A tool to estimate materials and manufacturing energy for. Yeast for example, can progress through the cell cycle in only.
Comparative life cycle assessment of smartphone reuse. The newly formed cell undergoes growth and proceeds through interphase and divides to form two daughter cells. This paper assesses the waste produced from the recycling of mobile phones in different. The viability of mobile phone manufacturer is taken into consideration while making recommendation. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. Life cycle assessment of osmotic microbial fuel cells for simultaneous wastewater treatment and resource recovery. You can help minimize your environ mental impact of using a cell phone by. We sell you what cell phone repair experts recommends to be smart.
The call is delivered by phone line or by radio signal depending on whether the receiver of the phone call is part of the. Lastly, the interpretation is a, systematic technique to identify, quantify, check, and evaluate information from the results of the life cycle inventory andor the life cycle impact assessment. This includes extraction of materials, processing, and manufacture of the final product. The paradigm of cellcycle control the collective results from studies in various eukaryotes have demonstrated that progression through the. A long slow period of introduction from 1985 to 1997. A cell phone, like every product, has a life cycle. There has also been industry focus on reducing the phones power consumption during the charging period. Fission yeast in fission yeast the g 1 and sphases are relatively short each accounting for 10% of the time it takes to complete the cell cycle. This paper investigates the environmental impact of smartphone repurposing as compared to traditional refurbishing using life cycle assessment lca.
Pdf the effect of cell phone radiations on the life cycle. According the mobile internet users behavior research survey in 2012 released by cnnic, 53% of nokias mobile phone users planned to buy smart phone in the future s, of which 43. This includes testing and tracing, bans on large gatherings, nonessential business and school and university closures, international. The global warming potential impact for the phone itself varied considerably. Pdf modeling of lithiumion battery degradation for cell. Life cycle assessment or life cycle assessment lca, also known as life cycle analysis is a methodology for assessing environmental impacts associated with all the stages of the life cycle of a commercial product, process, or service. This includes testing and tracing, bans on large gatherings, nonessential business. A life cycle assessment is a way to analyze the environmental impact of a product or process, ideally from cradle extraction of materials, etc. Waste management for endof life eol smartphones is a growing problem due to their high turnover rate and concentration of toxic chemicals. Environmental in and outflows, including resources, emissions to air, water and soil as well as waste treatment and electric energy consumption are quantified for. Analysis of nokias decline from marketing perspective.
The valuation of towers and associated real property. Using a processsum life cycle assessment lca approach, we estimate. Electric vehicle life cycle analysis and raw material. Smartphone life cycles are changing by martin armstrong, mar 2, 2017 smartphones if youve found yourself squeezing that little bit more life out of your smartphone in recent years, youre not. Iphone 4 is considered to be one of the most energy efficient smart phone these days, but most the information regarding the product life cycle is not completely provided by the manufacturing company. Recyling and end of life of the product is completely unknown. This study uses a life cycle assessment lca methodology in order to evaluate the potential environmental impacts of a smartphone, in particularly the smartphone sony xperiatm t. Simplifying a life cycle assessment of a mobile phone. The lifecycle of a cell involves two distinct phases fig. Life cycle assessment for mobile products background calculation basis system boundary of lca standard iso 14040. Call app blocker can block all the incoming calls that are coming to your phone. You can help minimize your environmental impact of using a cell phone by. A lifecycle assessment approach, doctoral dissertation in civil. Storefront catalog defense information systems agency.
A life cycle assessment lca approach was carried out focusing on the endof life eol phase of mobile phone pcbs. Life cycle assessment an overview sciencedirect topics. International standard organization iso that provides quantitative environmental impact. Life cycle of a cell phone poster epa home page for. Environmental impact evaluation of mobile phone via life cycle. By disassembling mobile phone, there are main components 4 parts mobile phone casing, charger casing, charger, battery. Materials extraction ell phone is made up of many materials. These cells divide once in approximately every 24 hours figure 10. Life cycle assessment is a cradletograve or cradletocradle analysis technique to assess environmental impacts associated with all the stages of a products life, which is from raw material extraction through materials processing, manufacture, distribution, and use. To determine the environmental impact of the various products a comparing life cycle assessment, lca, is made. The secret life of a smart phone reduce, reuse, recycle.
Environmental impact evaluation of mobile phone via life. Understanding the life cycle of a product can help you make environmental choices about the products you use, and how you dispose of them. The product analyzed in this project is a mobile phone. The aim of this paper is to investigate possible simplifications in lca of a mobile phone and to use the results to discuss the possibilities of lca simplifications for ict products in a broader sense. Life cycle thinking, as defined by the united nations life cycle initiative, is a way of thinking that includes the economic, environmental, and social consequences of a. Case study on critical metals in mobile phones final report. The versatility of modern smartphones presents an interesting alternative waste management strategy. Electric vehicle life cycle analysis and raw material availability october 2017 summary as the automotive industry is on the brink of a major electric transition, environmental performance of evs has become a highly debated topic. Recycling mobile phone impact on life cycle assessment. Introduction while different methodologies have already been created for this purpose such as the wellknown life cycle. Index termsenergy, life cycle assessment, life cycle energy i.
The use of life cycle assessment lca to evaluate pavement. Life cycle of a cell phone cell phones are only used for an average of 18 months before being replacedeven though they can function for much longer. This paper concludes that the cell phones contain hazardous material, harmful to environment according to epa. Life cycle environmental impacts of a smartphone ericsson. The aim of this paper is to investigate possible simplifications in lca of a mobile phone and to use the results to discuss the possibilities of lca simplifications for ict products in a. The wireless phone requests authorization to make a call. Lifecycle assessment or life cycle assessment lca, also known as lifecycle analysis is a methodology for assessing environmental impacts associated with all the stages of the lifecycle of a commercial product, process, or service. It has a nondividing, growing phase called interphase and dividing phase called mitotic or mphase. So, when deploying smartphones, enterprise mobility managers should think about not only protecting the device itself, but also whether it will continue to be supported by the. This study uses a life cycle assessment lca methodology in order to evaluate.
Pdf life cycle assessment of a smartphone researchgate. Wtw studies emphasise the importance of the carbon intensity of the electricity production. Case study on critical metals in mobile phones 6 executive summary box 1. Life cycle environmental impacts of a smartphone pdf. Lca is environmental assessment tool standardized by. A study on the product life cycle of samsung smartphones in. Lithiumion batteries hazard and use assessment prepared for fire protection research foundation 1 batterymarch park quincy, ma 021697471 prepared by celina mikolajczak, pe michael kahn, phd kevin white, phd richard thomas long, pe exponent failure analysis associates, inc. However, this duration of cell cycle can vary from organism to organism and also from cell type to cell type. Nonpharmaceutical interventions npis have proven to be critical for delaying and containing the covid19 pandemic 2 6. In its 2009 publication, guidelines for social life cycle. Life cycle assessment data for computer products, mobile phones and mixed waste reference notes socolof et al. The life cycle assessment is a cradletograve approach of carrying out the evaluation of effects that a product has on the environment over the entire product life. Cell phone life cycle the environmental literacy council. Life cycle assessment of highrate anaerobic treatment.
A life cycle assessment lca of hydrogen production via natural gas steam reforming was performed to examine the net emissions of greenhouse gases, as well as other major environmental consequences. The possibilities for full life cycle assessment lca of new information and communication technology ict products are often limited, so simplification approaches are needed. Understanding the life cycle of a smart phone can help you make environmentally smart choices about your phoneand what to do with it when you want a new one. This book is designed to be used in both introductory and advanced. Lithiumion batteries hazard and use assessment final.
Mobile phone data for informing public health actions across. An environmental life cycle assessment lca approach was used to conduct an analysis of the iphone product life cycle. A life cycle assessment lca approach was carried out focusing on the endoflife eol phase of mobile phone pcbs. Americans dispose of 152 million mobile devices each year. You can help minimize your environmental impact of using a cell. Life cycle assessment lca of mobile phones international. Comparing life cycle assessment of liion batteries and. The cell capable of undergoing division passes through cell cycle. I remember at this time that a mobile phone was considered to be the preserve of fancy yuppies young upwardly mobile people e. Simplifying a life cycle assessment of a mobile phone springerlink. Hapter 10 national council of educational research and. Manufacturing plastics and fiberglass are used to make the basic shape of the circuit board, which is then coated with gold plating. This paper investigates the environmental impact of smartphone repurposing as compared to traditional refurbishing using life cycle. A study on the product life cycle of samsung smartphones in india national seminar on.
Key messages to address market and regulatory failures, policy gaps, and incoherence in policies across the life cycle of critical. A full life cycle assessment covers several impact categories such as potential for global warming, acidification and toxicity, using a cradletograve perspective including everything from acquisition of raw material, production, assembly, distribution, transports, use and endof life treatment. Pdf on jan 1, 2016, mine ercan and others published life cycle assessment of a smartphone find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. Lca is a systematic analytical method that helps identify and evaluate the environmental impacts of a specific process or competing processes.